PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.